Fallen Chinese politician Bo Xilai appeared in public for the first time in more than a year on Thursday to face trial in eastern China, the final chapter of the country's most politically charged case in more than three decades.

Bo, the 64-year old former Communist Party chief of the southwestern metropolis of Chongqing, has been charged with bribery, corruption and abuse of power and will almost certainly be found guilty.

His trial in the city of Jinan marks the culmination of China's biggest political scandal since the 1976 downfall of the Gang of Four at the end of the Cultural Revolution. It has pitted supporters of his Maoist-themed egalitarian social programmes against the capitalist-leaning economic road taken by the Beijing leadership, exposing divisions within the ruling Communist Party as well as Chinese society.

President Xi Jinping, who is embarking on an ambitious plan to rebalance the world's second-biggest economy, will be keen to put the trial behind him with a minimum of fuss to ensure stability and party unity.

Bo's trial will last for two days and the verdict is likely to be in early September, state broadcaster CCTV said.

The Jinan Intermediate Court said on its microblog feed that Bo, five of his family members and 19 journalists attended the hearing. It did not give details, but CCTV said over 100 people attended the trial, filling the courtroom.

A handful of Bo's supporters protested outside the courthouse to denounce what they said was politically motivated persecution, a second day of protests, prompting police to hustle them away.

One protester held a sign that said: "The Chongqing experience is good for the country and the people, common prosperity is what the people want". Another held up a photo of Mao Zedong.

Police blocked entry to the courthouse and lined roads leading to the courthouse and blocked its two gates. Dozens of journalists stood in a box that was cordoned off for the media across the street.

Bo was charged with receiving about 21.8 million yuan ($3.56 million) in bribes from Xu Ming, a plastics-to-property entrepreneur who is a close friend, and Tang Xiaolin, the general manager of Hong Kong-based export company Dalian International Development, the court said.

He received the bribes through his wife, Gu Kailai, and his son, Bo Guagua, it said, citing the indictment.

This is the first time that authorities have named the younger Bo in the case against his father. Guagua is now in the United States, preparing for a law degree at Columbia University.

The charge of abuse of power against Bo relates to the murder case involving Gu, the court said.

Bo was a fast-rising star in China's leadership circles when his career was stopped short last year by a murder scandal involving Gu, was accused, and later convicted, of the November 2011 murder of British businessman Neil Heywood, a business partner and family friend.

Bo's former police chief in Chongqing, Wang Lijun, has also been jailed for trying to cover up the case. Bo was furious with Wang when he was told that his wife was a murder suspect, and sacked him despite not having party authority to do so, sources with knowledge of the case have said.

Neither did he report the matter to his bosses in Beijing, all of which helped lead to the abuse of power charge, they said.

How Bo pleads to the charges will be keenly watched.

A guilty plea would almost certainly signal he has worked out a deal for leniency, but he's likely to plead not guilty to the abuse of power charge in an apparent bid to show that he is a victim of a power struggle, according to a source with ties to the leadership.

Nevertheless he has been seen by his backers as the victim of a power struggle. Bo's downfall has triggered heated debate between his leftist followers, who are nostalgic for the revolutionary ideals of the Mao Zedong era, and reformers, who advocate faster political and economic change.

"I think it is very clear for Chinese people so far that Bo Xilai is the loser of a power struggle but he did something right at least for the people of Chongqing and Dalian, so he still enjoys quite high popularity among certain sectors of the Chinese populace," said Bo Zhiyue, a professor of Chinese politics at the National University of Singapore.

"That makes the whole trial very, very difficult."

ILLEGAL TRIAL

"When comrade Bo Xilai was put under house arrest, it was a violation of the party charter and when he was handed over to the justice system it was a violation of the constitution," said a protester from Chongqing surnamed Li on Wednesday.

"This trial is illegal. We don't believe in any outcome of this trial."

Bo could face a death sentence for his charges, though it is more likely he could be given a suspended death sentence, which effectively means life imprisonment, or a 20-year term.

The trial will be closely watched as a test case of China's commitment to the rule of law, especially whether Bo will be given a chance to defend himself.

Yet his guilt is an almost foregone conclusion given that China's prosecutors and courts come under Communist Party control and courts have a 98 per cent conviction rate.

Analysts say Bo's trial could have started only after he cooperated with the authorities, but how he will behave in court will be a question mark.

"Bo Xilai may not be as cooperative as his wife and you can't have a completely secret trial," said Cheng Li, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution in Washington. "I don't know how the leadership will handle that dilemma."

The new administration of President Xi, who formally took the reins of state power in March, will likely trumpet Bo's case as a success in its fight against deep-rooted corruption.

Xi has vowed to fight both "tigers" and "flies" - in other words people at every level of the party - as he combats graft so serious that he has warned it threatens the Communist Party's very survival.

Bo has not been able to respond to the accusations against him. In March 2012, at a news conference days before his dismissal, Bo scorned as nonsense unspecified accusations of misdeeds by his wife and said people were pouring "filth on my family". - Reuters